so assuming trolls and lusi are the same species, and lusi are diploid and trolls are haploid, (or some similar system of ploidy doesnt have to be haplodiploid necessarily) . karkat could be a mutant “lusus” in that hes diploid but hes homozygous for the lusus-determining allele (like complementary sex determination in insects) meaning he develops as a troll. and the red blood could just be whatever you call those alleles that stick around cuz theyre positioned close to the allele thats selected f
*hits my astral bong* you know what nevermind this is fucking weird
*breathes deeply from astral bong*
Having the lusii as the diploid version is really neat, as it allows for a generic troll to develop when they only have half the DNA of the lusii, and a wide range of morphologies for the diploid lusus version, but it could also be the other way around, especially considering that the lusii are used in a similar way to worker drone bees. Haploidy would also give you less variation from lusus to lusus. I think it’s more likely that two (or whatever) copies of the genome are needed to make the egg hatch into a sentient troll, and that having two copies of the lusus specific genes switches them off.
I imagine that the troll/lusus species on the whole would need very big genetic loci linked to blood colour, since the blood colour seems to determine what lusus form you get. It seems likely to me that instead of having one gene per blood colour, you would have a combination system e.g. rust + rust = rust, rust + gold = bronze, etc. I like the idea that the fuchsia blood colour actually comes from a combination of the purple highblood allele and the rare candy red allele that Karkat has. Karkat is homozygous for it, Feferi is heterozygous, and any other combo of candy red + blood colour is non-viable. Because candy red is vanishingly rare in the genetic pool, only a few fuchsias are ever born, and mutants like Karkat or Kankri are almost impossibly unlikely.
This would mean that Condy had a vested interest in getting rid of Kankri before he reached breeding age, since he could potentially increase the amount of candy red in the breeding population.